Click to reveal Daily, Monthly, Yearly Current Affairs Digest, Daily Editorial Analysis, Free PDF's & more, Join our Telegram Group, Maharashtra Police Bharti Application Form, Maharashtra Police Constable Question Papers, MPSC Combine Subordinate Services Prelims Answer Key, MPSC Combine Subordinate Services Exam Analysis, MPSC Combine Subordinate Services Prelims Question Papers, Maharashtra Subordinate Services Preparation Tips, Maharashtra Subordinate Services Salary & Job Profile in English & Marathi, Maharashtra Subordinate Services Exam Pattern, MPSC Subordinate Services Eligibility Criteria, MPSC Time Table 2023: Check Revised MPSC Exam Dates, MPSC Calendar, MPSC PSI Recruitment Notification 2022: Vacancy, Eligibility Criteria, Apply Online, Maharashtra Current Affairs 2022: MPSC Current Affairs GK Updates in Marathi & English, Download PDF, MPSC 2022 , Download Prelims Questions Paper PDF, Indian Coast Guard Previous Year Question Paper, Soil in Maharashtra, Download PDF in English, MPSC Current Affairs 2022: Download in Marathi & English, MPSC GK Study Material: Complete Notes for MPSC Exam [Free], BYJU'S Exam Prep: The Exam Preparation App. They are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. (UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination- 2013). The soil is the part of the earths surface, which includes disintegrated rock, humus, inorganic and organic materials. The name has been derived from the Latin word later which means brick. Sand or sandy soil is formed by the smallest or fine particles of weathering rocks. [1], Also known as regur soil, black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is known as black cotton soil. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Commonly recognised plants that grow in these soils are cacti. [citation needed], These soils are found in Thar desert in the Indian state of Rajasthan and Gujarat. Red Soils. 88.99.147.16 Silt is easily transported by moving currents and it is mainly found near the river, lakes and other water bodies. The black soil is also known as regur. A layer of soil (top layer of soil) gets removed due to wind or water. It is developed in the area with high rainfall such as the Konkan region and Mahabaleshwar. [6] The engineering properties of such soils are as follows:[citation needed]. The colour of these soils varies from deep black to grey. What type of soil is found along the Godavari and Krishna Valley? Gangetic Alluvium - the plain of Bihar is covered by gangetic alluvium (both new as well as old). Many small plateaux and river. It is believed that the climatic conditions along with the parent rock material are the important factors for the formation of black soil. 1 What are the major soil types in Maharashtra? Due to the excessive use of chemicals, their residues remain in the soils for many years. Crops: In this soil rice, nachani, pophali as well as sugarcane, wheat, vegetables are grown. Regions where regur soil is found: 1. In the semidry plateau, the regur (black-cotton soil) is clayey, rich in iron and moisture-retentive, though poor in nitrogen and organic matter. Some plants are more suitable for hydroponics than others. Is alluvial soil found in Maharashtra? Laterite soil is not found in central maharashtra. Three Different Types of Soils Found are as follows: Black soil :- These soils are made up of volcanic rocks and lava-flow. light laterite & reddish brown. DownloadBYJU'S Exam Prep Appand prepare General Knowledge for Maharashtra State exams. Clayey soil, Clay soilsSandy soilsLoamCalcareous or chalky soilsPeat, Alluvial soilRed soilLateriteBlack soilSandy soilClayey soilLoamPeat. 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They are silty loam to loam in texture and dark brown in colour. This soil has very good water storage qualities and makes it hard for moisture and air to penetrate into it. Black Soils:- These soils are made up of volcanic rocks and lava flows. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. <> In the same pit when extended from 127.5 to 150.0 cm. In the snowbound areas of the Himalayas, these soils undergo denudation and are acidic with low humus content. These soils are found in arid and semi-arid areas, and in waterlogged and swampy regions. It covers about 18.5 % of the total land area of the country. Severe erosion of beaches along the Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, West Bengal and Gujarat coasts are examples of sea-wave erosion. Also known as arid soil, it accounts for over 4.42 % of the total land area of the country. They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture. What type of soil is grown in Maharashtra? Black soil does not drain quickly. a mixture of red and black may be found in this group of soils. For soil to form from rocks, it takes an average of 500 years or more. Some of the major types of soil found in India include alluvial Alluvial soils are rich in humus as they are deposited by three important monkey river of Himalayas, Indus river, Ganges and Brahmaputra River. Red Sandy . They are poor in humus yet highly moisture-retentive, thus responding well to irrigation. Soil is usually referred to as the naturally occurring organic materials found on the earths surface. Coarse shallow soils (high level) 2. They are alluvial soil, black soil, red soil, laterite soil, or arid soil, and forest and mountainous soil,marsh soil. 2. Bhangar is the old alluvium, deposited away from the flood plains. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. They are rich in potash but poor in phosphorus. What are 2 negative effects of using oil on the environment? Very little humus is seen in this soil. Uttar Pradesh has the highest deposit of alluvial soil in India. In this article, we are discussing the B Horizon or we can say the subsoil. Red soil is suitable for the cultivation ofrice, ragi, tobacco, groundnut and potatoes. 4 Which type of soil is found in Maharashtra Class 10? Corpus-Christi-Polymer - PTA-PET. Because of their high clay content, black soils develop wide cracks during the dry season, but their iron-rich granular structure makes them resistant to wind and water erosion. Sandy soil6. 10 per cent of alumina, 9-10 per cent of iron oxide, . Maharashtra's soil is divided into nine types. These soils are found in Central,Eastern and Southern India. Answer: Major soil formations in the area are coastal sand (Psamments), Deltaic alluvium (Fluvents, Aquents, Aquepts, Usterts), red loamy soils (Usta/fs), black soils (Usterts) and saline-sodic soils (Orthids, Usta/fs). Excessive irrigation draws the salts from the soil upwards and makes the soil saline and then unproductive. soil mechanics and foundation engineering by Dr. K.R. Factors Affecting Formation of Soil Parent materials Topography Climate Organisms But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Which soil is found in Maharashtra Saurashtra and Malwa? Soil conservation practices are those farming operations and management strategies conducted with the goal to control soil erosion by preventing or limiting soil particle detachment and its transport in air or water. Black soil is rich in calcium, potassium and magnesium but has poor nitrogen content. It contains iron oxides and hence it is red in colour. This soil was found under the snow and glaciers at the highest peak of the greater Himalayas, Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar. Sandy loam soils are rich in organic matter and humus. Mumbai Suburban area As we all know Mumbai is the city of 7 Islands. Various types of soil undergo diverse environmental pressures. Loamy Soil is the mixture of clay, sand and silt soil which consists of additional organic matter and is very fertile compared to other types of soil. Underneath these three horizons is the rock which is known as the parent rock or the bedrock. Spread over 46 lakh sq km (16. . Soil mainly consists of mineral/rock particles, portions of decayed organic matter, soil water, soil air and living organisms. Question c. The black colour of soil is due to the presence of Titaniferous magnetite. Arid and Desert Soils 7. The alluvial soil of this zone can be widely described as arid and brown soil or tropical arid brown soil. While the Soils of North Konkan coast is Coarse &shallow. Answer (1 of 2): We can divide Mumbai into parts according to soil types:- 1. This soil is formed from the fissures of igneous rock called basalt. Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change. In north-east India and Western and Eastern Ghats, shifting cultivation (slash and burn) is one of the main causes of soil erosion. It does not store any personal data. So today we are going to study an important topic of geography. In addition, they are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime etc. Water is used as a solvent in factories, laboratories, foodstuffs and in various types of biological processes occurring in the body such as digestion, excretion, etc. A region with a large number of deep gullies or ravines is called a badland topography. Due to the high content of iron (iron peroxide) this soil has got red colour. The central Gujarat possesses sandy loam soil, locally called Goradu which is highly fertile. Alluvial Soils: ADVERTISEMENTS: These are formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers. It is also called the Black Cotton Soil, as cotton is the most important crop grown in this soil. Lets read about them one by one: These are developed over the granite, gneiss, and quartzite of the Precambrian and Archean eras. are used. In general, soil is composed of four elements: Soil is formed under specific natural conditions and each of the elements of the natural environment contributes to this complex process of soil formation known as pedogenesis. Laterite soils are found in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh and hilly regions of Assam and Odisha. Contents1 What type of soil is found in Sikkim?2 [] Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. You can find them primarily along the Godavari and Krishna delta regions, though they also occur in the . 1) Alluvial Soils: They are found in Great Northern plain, lower valleys of Narmada and Tapti and Northern Gujarat. Saline and Alkaline Soil: Soils in many parts of the arid and semi-arid areas of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. 2. Soil erosion refers to the removal of topsoil. These soils have a high moisture retention capacity. Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Entisols - covers 28% area in India. These soils have normal phosphate content but are deficient in nitrogen. Q.1. The topic Soil is important for IAS Exam Geography subject that comes under Mains GS-I. It is a combination of sand, silt and clay such that the beneficial properties of each are included. In Maharashtra, this soil is found in the basins of the Godavari and Bhima-Krishna rivers. The following types of soils are . The soil, in the same trial pit of the very deep phase when extended from 90.0 to 127.5 cm. This soil is made up of a mixture of sand, silt, and clay particles and is known for its high fertility and ability to retain moisture. The texture of the soil depends on the mountain environment where they are found. This topic is important forMPSC Rajyaseva,MPSC Combined,Maharashtra Police Bharti,Maharashtra Arogya Bharti,MPSC CDPOand otherMaharashtra State exams. Some of the major soil groups available in India are: 1. These soils contain essential clay minerals as montmorillonite. Loamy soil is suitable and the best soil for growing crops such as cotton, oilseeds, sugarcane, wheat, pulses, jute and other vegetables. Areas: Parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, U.P & Maharashtra. The alluvial soil varies in nature from sandy loam to clay. [1], The black soils are made up of clayey soil, well known for their capacity to hold moisture. The base exchange capacity of deep black soil is quite high (50 to 75 meq per cent). The fine silt, clay, and boulder gravels are the composition of Karewa soil. The soils are deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus. However, sometimes the balance gets disturbed leading to faster removal of soil than its formation which results in soil erosion. The black soils are made up of extremely fine i.e. and deposited in the form of sediments and produces soil. This soil is found in the basins of the Godavari, Krishna, Bhima, Panchganga, Tapi rivers. Table of Contents 1 Major Types of Soil In India 1.1 Alluvial Soil in India 1.2 Black or Regur Soil 1.3 Red-Brown or Semi-Arid Soil 1.4 Laterites And Lateritic Soil 1.5 Forest And Mountain Soil 1.6 Saline And Alkaline Soil (Salt-Affected Soil) 1.7 Peaty And Marshy Soil 1.8 Dry Region Desert Soil 2 Conclusion Major Types of Soil In India This soil is found in more than 3/4 of the total area of Maharashtra. (UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination- 2011), There are eight soil deposits in India. Extent - 18.5 % of the area; Texture: Sandy to clay and loamy. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Crops: Cashew and mango are important crops in this soil. Crops: Saga forests are found mainly in this soil. These are mainly found in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Maharashtra. Khadar is enriched with fresh silt deposits every year. Prelims - Economy. The floods generally occur during the rainy season. This soil is known as the poorest type of soil for agriculture and growing plants as they have very low nutritional value and poor water holding capacity. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Its uses are as follows:-Soil enables plants to grow. Alluvial soils are intensely cultivated wheat, maize, sugarcane, pulses, oilseed, etc. In the semidry plateau, the regur (black-cotton soil) is clayey, rich in iron and moisture-retentive, though poor in nitrogen and organic matter. Sandy soils are one of the poorest types of soil for growing plants because it has very low nutrients and poor water holding capacity, which makes it hard for the plants roots to absorb water. Therefore, many crops can be grown in this soil with the help of irrigation. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This soil is less useful for agriculture. These forces also include the impact of wind, water, and salts reaction. Due to the above-mentioned features, it is also beneficial for agriculture. Clay contains the smallest particles among the other two types of soil. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The soil profile is a vertical cross-section of the soil, made of layers parallel to the surface. [citation needed]. Please keep it that also. These soils are deficient in calcium and nitrogen. To obtain a higher agricultural yield, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, weedicides, etc. Soil types in Maharashtra. Which soil is found in the Peninsular plateau? Alluvial Soils of Andhra Pradesh. The rocks in this region have denuded over a long time and are responsible for the formation of black soil. Rule 3: Choose the right plants. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Laterite soil is deficient in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate and calcium, however iron oxide and potash are in abundance. They are more suitable for crops like cashew nut. The loose material or the upper layer of the mantle rock (regolith a layer of loose, heterogeneous material covering solid rock) consisting mainly of very small particles and humus which can support the growth of plants is known as soil. Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Black soil has a high water-retaining capacity. PDF | On Jan 1, 2023, M P Adawadkar and others published Acreage estimation of wheat and onion for districts of north Maharashtra using remote sensing and GIS | Find, read and cite all the . It requires densification to increase its bearing capacity and shearing strength. In some areas the salt content is very high and common salt is obtained by evaporating the water. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. PH5. They cover the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and extend in South-East direction along Godavari and Krishna valleys. are mainly cultivated. Silt has smaller particles compared to sand. Which of the following statements regarding laterite soils of India are correct? Histosols are mainly composed of organic material in their upper portion. Click Start Quiz to begin! May 25 2022. places to go for your 16th birthday. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Geography is the subject in General Studies Paper 1 of MPSC State Service Main Examination. When humans came along, the landscape slowly changed with the introduction of roads and rails. Soils have different chemical and physical properties. Loam or Loamy soil is called the gardeners best friend. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Ans: There are mainly three basic soil types. 6 Soils of Poona. Phase:-Very deep (Profile.No. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are different layers of soil under the crust of the Earth and also different types of soil are also found on the Earth. Discuss the relative fertility of these soils. 1 How many types of soil are there in Maharashtra? (a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 5 (d) None of these. Sometimes, it is made up of millions of tiny sand granules and other times; it is a hard, rocky surface. Important Points Black soil is also known as regular soil. They also have varied chemical properties. Every year India loses millions of tonnes of soil and its nutrients to the agents of its degradation, which adversely affects our countrys productivity. This soil is also referred to asagricultural soil as it includes an equilibrium of all three types of soil materials, being sandy, clay, and silt, and it also happens to have humus. The part of the soil that is silt also has mineral soil particles, but with a diameter range of 0.02 to 0.002 mm. Each layer of soil has a different texture and is known as the horizon. They contain large amount of organic matter and are not suitable for construction of megastructures like buildings, cranes etc.[7][8]. The soils found in the lower valleys are fertile. It is very useful for small children to byheart. What are the types of soil Class 10? Wheat, cotton, oilseeds, millets, tobacco, pulses are mainly cultivated in red and yellow soil. The soil status of Maharashtra is residual, derived from the underlying basalts. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 1. The important soil types found in the basin are black soils, red soils, laterite and lateritic soils, alluvium, mixed soils, red and black soils and saline and alkaline soils. Cotton, pulses, millets, castor, tobacco, sugarcane, citrus fruits, linseed, etc. They cover the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa Plateau in Madhya Pradesh and extend eastwards in the south along the Godavari and Krishna valleys. In the ancient period, soils were mainly classified into two Urvara (fertile) and Usara (sterile). Thank you for posting it on google. Q.2. [5] The soil is suitable for growing cottons, due to which it is also known as black cotton soil. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Generally, this soil has very little productivity. It is also found in the deltas of the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri rivers in the Peninsular India. Sandy soil is usually formed by the breakdown or fragmentation of rocks like granite, limestone and quartz. The MPSC State Service Examination and the MPSC Combined Exam have questions on these subjects in both the prelims and Main examinations. How many villages are there in Bhandara district? This soil is formed by the long term processing of. Thank you. Laterite soil is formed by leaching due to heavy rainfall. Major areas of mountain soils in India are - Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Assam. How many types of soil are there in Maharashtra? Red soil :- These are derived from weathering of ancient metamorphic rocks of Deccan Plateau. <> Alluvial soil is the most fertile soil and very suitable for agriculture. They are: Alluvial Soil Black Cotton Soil Red & Yellow Soil Laterite Soil Mountainous or Forest Soil Arid or Desert Soil Saline and Alkaline Soil Peaty and Marshy Soil This soil is also found in the western part of the Satara and Kolhapur districts. The ground on which we walk is never quite the same; it keeps on changing.